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'Raise the Rate' Campaign Analysis

Written by Brittany Wolfhagen, 2019

A social movement is a “…loosely organized but sustained campaign in support of a social goal, typically either the implementation or the prevention of a change in society’s structure or values.” (Turner, Smelser, & Killian, 1998)

Campaign Message

#raisetherate

The goal of the Raise the Rate campaign is for the Federal Government to immediately lift the single rate of Newstart, Youth Allowance and other related payments by at least $75 per week, and index Allowances to wages. (Raise the Rate, 2019)

The rate of Newstart has not been increased since 1994.

Currently somewhere between 33% and 45% of the adult Australian population receive some form of government benefits (Whiteford, 2015).

Who is ACOSS?

 

The Australian Council of Social Service is a national advocate for action to reduce poverty and inequality and is the peak body for the community services sector in Australia.

Their vision is for a fair, inclusive and sustainable Australia where all individuals and communities can participate in and benefit from social and economic life. (ACOSS, 2019)

Established in 1956, they are the driving force behind the campaign.

Where does ACOSS sit in the process of political communication?

ACOSS can be classified as a public organisation, falling within the ‘Political Organisations’ category of Mcnair’s elements of political communication. ACOSS is the peak body for the community services sector in Australia, making it a non-party organisation with political objectives (Mcnair, 2011, pp. 7-8).

Campaign details

The campaign’s target audience is the Australian public, politicians and journalists.

The Raise the Rate campaign has been going for at least a year, with the website going live on September 21 2018.

It has been a largely digital campaign, taking place over social media, with smaller offline events organised by campaign participants.

ACOSS uses media releases, its website, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, however the hashtag #raisetherate, can be found on Instagram too.

The campaign uses a hybrid model of circulation, so “a mix of top-down and bottom-up forces”.  It is more participatory and ‘messier’ than traditional communication methods. (Jenkins, Ford, & Green, 2013)

It takes full advantage of the networked public sphere (Benkler, Roberts, Faris, Solow-Niederman, & Etling, 2013).

What is the campaign goal?

The goal is to gather enough public backing to pressure/influence the government to raise the rate payed to Newstart and Youth Allowance recipients.

This campaign functions by using rhetoric messaging to encourage publics to participate. (Johnston & Sheehan, 2014, pp. 404-405) A lot of the messages are aimed at informing publics, persuading them and calling them to action.

A mix of human-interest stories and poignant statistics on the situation, it is designed to trigger an emotive reaction.

It could be described as ‘persuasion’ as there is no presentation of counter arguments to balance their messaging (Johnston & Sheehan, 2014, pp. 402-403).

Why Use Social Media?

Social media platforms are used by 79% of Australians (2018 Yellow Social Media Report, 2018)

59% of people access social media once every day (2018 Yellow Social Media Report, 2018)

More than a third of people now access social media more than five times per day (35%). Among 18-29 year olds 89% check-in at least once per day (2018 Yellow Social Media Report, 2018)

Of that, 94% are on Facebook, and 32% are on Twitter (The must-know stats from the 2018 Yellow Social Media Report, 2018)

ACOSS seeks engage a wide range of ordinary people and leverage off the cumulative political influence.

Running the campaign this way allows greater individual participation and engagement, allowing publics to be involved in the production, management and even message development (Gibson 2009, p. 293).

Communications are being shared not just top-down, but also horizontally by publics through the co-production of campaign materials (Vromen, 2016).

This means publics are empowered to engage with content like never before, with the power to communicate directly with campaign organisers and potentially shape the direction of the campaign itself.

The ad hoc nature of internet campaigning also means that individual involvement can happen when and where it suits them (Vromen, 2016), which fits perfectly with the majority of publics now accessing social media on a smartphone (81%) (The must-know stats from the 2018 Yellow Social Media Report, 2018).

Chadwick described the political use of the internet as representing the uniting of “democratic experimentalism” with “non-hierarchical” social movements (Vromen, 2016, p. 80; Dorf & Sabel, 1998).  I think those descriptions apply.

The internet has expanded the public sphere and this campaign seeks to use it – bypassing the traditional media ‘gatekeepers’, speaking directly with publics and calling them to action (Johnston & Sheehan, 2014, p. 278).

Was it effective?

This campaign appears to be gaining traction, with support being given by numerous prominent community organisations (as to be expected given that ACOSS is their peak body), the Labor party and the Australian Greens. (Crowe, 2019)

However currently (as of September 1) Scott Morrison is not considering the increase.

The campaign being primarily run on social media attempts to sidestep the media’s ability to filter and decide what issues are important, therefore what gets presented to publics (as in agenda setting theory).  A social issue that effects a disadvantaged and largely ignored group is unlikely to make it into the main stream media.

Considering the issue has existed since 1994 and the group effected are largely unable to stand up for themselves, I believe what this campaign has achieved in a year, means it is remarkably effective.

Bibliography

ACOSS. (2019). Who We Are. Retrieved from Australian Council of Social Service: https://www.acoss.org.au/about-us/

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2006, 01 20). Communication and transport. Retrieved from Australian Bureau of Statistics: https://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/94713ad445ff1425ca25682000192af2/5338d62935241fcdca256bdc00122420!OpenDocument

Benkler, Y., Roberts, H., Faris, R., Solow-Niederman, A., & Etling, B. (2013, July 19). Social Mobilization and the Networked Public Sphere: Mapping the SOPA-PIPA Debate. Berkman Center Research, 54.

Crowe, D. (2019, 7 23). Labor backs Newstart increase amid Coalition divisions on payment. Retrieved from The Sydney Morning Herald: https://www.smh.com.au/politics/federal/labor-backs-newstart-increase-amid-coalition-divisions-on-payment-20190723-p529vu.html

Dorf, M., & Sabel, C. (1998). Constitution of Democratic Experimentalism. Cornell Law Faculty Publications. doi:10.2307/1123411

Jenkins, H., Ford, S., & Green, J. (2013). Spreadable Media : Creating Value and Meaning in a Networked Culture. New York: New York University Press.

Johnston, J., & Sheehan, M. (2014). Theory and Practice: Public Relations. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen and Unwin.

Mcnair, B. (2011). An introduction to political communication. Abingdon: Routledge.

Raise the Rate. (2019). https://raisetherate.org.au/about/. Retrieved from Raise the Rate: https://raisetherate.org.au/about/

Sensis Pty Ltd . (2018). 2018 Yellow Social Media Report. Sensis Pty Ltd .

Sensis Pty Ltd. (2017, 6 22). Sensis Social Media Report 2017. Retrieved from Sensis: www.sensis.com.au/socialmediareport

Sensis Pty Ltd. (2018). The must-know stats from the 2018 Yellow Social Media Report. Retrieved from Sensis: https://www.sensis.com.au/about/our-reports/sensis-social-media-report

Turner, R. H., Smelser, N. J., & Killian, L. M. (1998, July 20). Social movement. Retrieved from Encyclopedia Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-movement

Vromen, A. (2016). Digital Citizenship and Political Engagement : The Challenge from Online Campaigning and Advocacy Organisations. Palgrave Macmillan Limited.

Whiteford, P. (2015, May 11). FactCheck: Is half to two-thirds of the Australian population receiving a government benefit? Retrieved from The Conversation: http://theconversation.com/factcheck-is-half-to-two-thirds-of-the-australian-population-receiving-a-government-benefit-41027

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